Stavropol region. An old-geographic part on the Russian Federation located in the central region from Subcaucasia, involving the Kuban River (and you can Kuban region) to your western, the brand new Terek part towards the southern area of, the brand new Don region toward northern, brand new Kalmyk Autonomous Republic for the northeast, while the lands of your Caucasian slope peoples towards the south and southwest. Brand new Stavropol region essentially matches within the area with the former Stavropol gubernia (within its 18611920 boundary, 59,five-hundred sq . kilometer) additionally the later on Stavropol krai, reduced the new Karachai-Cherkess Independent oblast (66,500 sq km).
Actual topography. The major part of the Stavropol region are filled of the Stavropol Upland; the brand new small part features elements of the latest Caspian Lowland on the east, the Kuma-Manych Depression throughout the north, and the https://kissbridesdate.com/fr/femmes-ecossaises-chaudes/ mountain tops of your own Caucasus Hills about southwest. The weather of your own Stavropol part try transitional, out-of moderate continental from the western so you’re able to more dry plus continental regarding eastern. The higher ones range from the Yegorlyk (and this circulates on Manych), the brand new Kalaus, the fresh Kuma, and Kuban and its particular top tributaries, this new Velykyi Zelenchuk plus the Malyi Zelenchuk (find Zelenchuk streams). River-water can be used getting irrigation. Quick, generally saline lakes abound; the most significant is the narrow however, 160-km-a lot of time River Manych-Gudilo (Ukrainian: Manych-Hudylo).
But the centrally located Stavropol area remained sparsely populated of the nomadic Nogay Tatars (a beneficial Turkic-talking anyone) and you may Kalmyk someone (an effective Mongol-talking class), whom to each other designated regarding 80,000
This new earth throughout the west and you will main the main Stavropol area are individuals chernozems and you may chestnut earth; into the east and northeast they be white chestnut. The newest natural plant life together with change eastward having declining dampness, regarding meadow fescuefeather yard steppe to deceased fescuefeather grass steppe following semidesert plants of wormwood, deceased fescue, and you will feather lawn. Throughout the alot more humid a portion of the Stavropol Upland along with the brand new Caucasus hills the sheer vegetation are forest-steppe with oak-hornbeam-beech forests. Today both the steppe and also the tree-steppe are almost completely cleared to possess farming.
Background. Regarding the mid-16th century the Caucasus and also the Stavropol part started initially to started into the connection with Muscovite colonization. Regarding the 16th and you may 17th many years Subcaucasia experienced the fresh origins out of Cossack colonization (the fresh new Wear Cossacks in the western while the Terek Cossacks during the the brand new eastern). Caucasian mountain peoples, this new Karachai and also the Cherkess, stayed in this new foothills of part.
Early in the brand new 18th century new Stavropol part nominally turned a portion of the Russian Empire. Permanent agreements, although not, just weren’t oriented until the history quarter of century, whenever, when you look at the 177780, the new Russian regulators mainly based a type of forts, this new Mozdok-Azov line, with head office at the Stavropol, to keep the Caucasian mountain peoples. Because of the 1785 the brand new Stavropol area shaped part of Caucasus oblast, that was redesignated a good gubernia within the 1802. Following the multiple term transform it actually was designated once the Stavropol gubernia within the 1847. The borders was in fact fundamentally repaired from inside the 1861, whether or not it is actually split of Terek oblast. In contrast to Kuban oblast and you may Terek oblast, Stavropol gubernia (given that 1898) was not part of Caucasus krai.
Before 1930s the new Stavropol region try compensated because of the one another Ukrainians and you can Russians, and you will constituted an integral part of contiguous, albeit combined, Ukrainian ethnographic region
The fresh Russian regulators advertised new fast colonization of your own Stavropol part to present a bottom getting army techniques regarding the Caucasus. Element of one aim is achieved by the fresh granting of choice tracts out-of house so you’re able to Russian noblemen, just who compensated these with its serfs. A very high cause of colonization, yet not, is the fresh new impulsive settlement by county peasants who had been unimpeded because of the this new main authorities. In fact the brand new purple authorities legalized extant states towards the ukase of 1804 and you will provided help to people who had compensated for the the Stavropol area. By the end of the 1850s the people away from Stavropol gubernia got risen up to 340,000 (5.5 persons for every sq kilometres). Its only city, Stavropol, increased from about 3,000 citizens into the 1800 to help you 17,600 owners during the 1853. Probably the most densely compensated section was in fact brand new steppes between the Yegorlyk therefore the Kalaus rivers and also the Kalaus Lake area. The population off Stavropol gubernia (and additionally Terek oblast) in 1853 contains forty eight.7 per cent Cossacks, thirty-two % county peasants, sixteen.2 percent nomadic herders, and step three.one percent serfs and others.
